MCP (Model Context Protocol) — The Standard for Connecting AI Tools
Definition
MCP (Model Context Protocol) is an open standard protocol led by Anthropic that connects AI models with external tools and data sources.
TL;DR
MCP standardizes how AI models access external services (databases, APIs, file systems, and so on). Just as USB-C connects diverse devices through a single port, MCP lets diverse AI models access diverse tools in a consistent way. From an AEO perspective, MCP expands the paths through which AI can directly access a site's data.
The Structure of MCP
MCP follows a client-server architecture.
- MCP host: The AI application (Claude Desktop, IDE, etc.)
- MCP client: The module within the host that communicates with the server
- MCP server: The service that provides external tools and data to the AI
An MCP server provides three things:
- Resources: Data sources (files, DBs, API responses)
- Tools: Functions the AI can call (search, computation, API calls)
- Prompts: Predefined prompt templates
Implications from an AEO Perspective
As MCP spreads, the AI gains one more path to access a site's data, in addition to the existing crawling and web search paths.
- Services that provide an MCP server: The AI can directly access structured data
- Services that provide an API: They can join the AI tool ecosystem via an MCP adapter
- Content sites: For now, the crawling and web search paths are the main channels, but providing content via MCP will also be possible in the future
The Relationship Between robots.txt, llms.txt, and MCP
| File/Protocol | Role | Direction |
|---|---|---|
| robots.txt | Controls bot access to the site | Block/Allow |
| llms.txt | Guides the AI on the site structure | Providing information |
| MCP | Provides tools and data directly to the AI | Interaction |
The three are complementary. The most comprehensive AI accessibility strategy is to allow crawling with robots.txt, guide structure with llms.txt, and directly provide structured data via MCP.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q. Should ordinary websites also build an MCP server?
A. It is unnecessary for now. MCP is mainly used in development tools, SaaS, and data services. For ordinary content sites, robots.txt + llms.txt + structured data is sufficient.
References
- Anthropic (2024). Introducing the Model Context Protocol. https://www.anthropic.com/news/model-context-protocol
- MCP official documentation: https://modelcontextprotocol.io